Imam Bibi (1836–1914), also known as “Bi Amma”, was the mother of the renowned philosopher and poet Allama Muhammad Iqbal. A Kashmiri woman known for her piety, humility, and charitable nature, she dedicated herself to helping the poor and needy within her community. While not directly involved in political activism, Imam Bibi’s influence on her son, Allama Iqbal, indirectly impacted India’s freedom movement.
Allama Iqbal, deeply influenced by his mother’s spiritual guidance, became a prominent voice in the Indian Muslim community. He advocated for Muslim identity and self-determination, which played a significant role in the Pakistan Movement. Imam Bibi passed away on November 9, 1914.