Ashraf Rafi

Professor Ashraf Rafi, born on August 4, 1940, in Hyderabad, emerged from the city’s rich Urdu milieu to become one of contemporary India’s most distinguished scholars of Urdu literature. Over a career spanning more than five decades, she has made...

Ashraf-un-Nisa Begum

In the history of Hyderabad, the name Ashraf-un-Nisa Begum is immortalised not by a long career in public service but by a single, extraordinary act of courage in the face of a horrific tragedy. Her story is one of profound bravery that transcended the strict social...

Ashrafunnisa Begum

Ashrafunnisa Begum (1840–1903), historically revered as ‘Bibi Ashraf’ or by her honorific title ‘Ustani Sahiba’ (The Lady Teacher), stands as a monumental figure in the history of social reform and female education in colonial North...